You can assign an id to the <script> element and passing the arguments as data-* attributes. The resulting <script> tag would look something like this:
<script id="languageId" data-name="en-EN" src="helper.js"></script>
The script could then use the id to programmatically locate itself and parse the arguments. Given the previous <script> tag, the name could be retrieved like this:
var name = document.getElementById("languageId").getAttribute("data-name");
We get name = en-EN